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Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act)

The primary federal law that organizes how the federal government provides disaster and emergency assistance to states, local governments, and individuals.

Grantee/Subgrantee

A state, Indian Tribe, or territory that receives federal money directly (grantee) or indirectly (subgrantee) to help pay for disaster recovery projects.

Management Costs

The administrative expenses incurred by a state, tribe, or territory to oversee and manage federal disaster recovery funds and projects, including things like staffing, record-keeping, and project monitoring.

Excess Funds for Management Costs

The leftover amount of money allocated for administrative expenses on a disaster recovery project that was not spent by the time the project grant is officially closed.

Major Disaster/Emergency Declaration

An official declaration by the President that a natural event or emergency is severe enough to warrant federal assistance under the Stafford Act.

Mitigation Activity

Actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to people and property from future hazards and disasters, such as improving infrastructure or making buildings more resilient.