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Joint Resolution

A legislative measure that, like a bill, must be passed by both chambers of Congress and signed by the President to become law. They are often used for specific, temporary, or unusual purposes, such as disapproving agency rules.

Chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code

This refers to the Congressional Review Act (CRA), a law that allows Congress to review and disapprove new rules issued by federal agencies. If Congress passes a joint resolution of disapproval under the CRA, and the President signs it, the rule is nullified.

Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)

An independent agency of the U.S. government that regulates the U.S. derivatives markets, including futures, options, and swaps. Its goal is to promote fair, transparent, and competitive markets and to protect customers from manipulation, abuse, and fraud.

Voluntary Carbon Credit

A measurable, verifiable permit representing the reduction or removal of one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent from the atmosphere. Companies or individuals can purchase these credits to offset their greenhouse gas emissions, participating in a market separate from mandatory government programs.

Derivative Contracts

Financial agreements that get their value from an underlying asset, group of assets, or benchmark. For example, a carbon credit derivative contract would get its value from the price of voluntary carbon credits, allowing investors to bet on or hedge against future price movements without owning the credits directly.