The most directly affected would be online platforms, such as social media companies, forums, and other interactive computer services. They would face increased legal risk if they comply with government requests to moderate political speech that isn't related to crime or national security, potentially leading to more lawsuits. They would also have a new legal burden to prove they didn't create the content being challenged in court.

Government entities, including federal, state, and local agencies, would also be affected as their ability to influence content moderation on platforms would be curtailed if they want those platforms to maintain their legal immunity. Users of these platforms could see changes in what content is removed or allowed to stay online, particularly concerning political discussions, as platforms might become more hesitant to act on certain government requests.