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Social Security coverage

The system where individuals pay taxes into a federal program that provides retirement income, disability insurance, and benefits to survivors.

Exemption

A special permission that allows certain individuals, like some clergy members, not to participate in Social Security and thus not pay Social Security taxes or receive its benefits.

Revocation

The act of formally canceling or withdrawing a previous decision or exemption, in this case, opting back into Social Security after having previously opted out.

Taxable year

A 12-month accounting period for keeping records and reporting income and expenses, usually the calendar year (January 1 to December 31) for individuals.

Net earnings from self-employment

The income a self-employed person earns after deducting business expenses, which is typically subject to Social Security and Medicare taxes.

Internal Revenue Code of 1986

The main body of federal tax law in the United States, administered by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

Title II of the Social Security Act

The part of the Social Security Act that establishes the federal old-age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits program.