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Reduction in Force (RIF)

A process where a federal agency lets go of employees, often due to a lack of work, a budget shortage, a reorganization, or when a function moves to another part of the government. It's essentially a type of layoff.

Moratorium

A temporary ban or suspension of an activity. In this context, it's a temporary halt to layoffs.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

A federal agency focused on understanding and predicting changes in Earth's environment, from the depths of the ocean to the surface of the sun, and conserving coastal and marine resources.

Appropriations

The official act by Congress of setting aside money for a specific government purpose. This is how federal agencies receive their funding.

Fiscal Year

The 12-month period for which an organization plans its budget. For the U.S. federal government, the fiscal year runs from October 1st to September 30th.