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Reduction in Force (RIF)

A process by which a federal agency lays off employees due to a lack of work, a shortage of funds, reorganization, or transfer of function.

Moratorium

A temporary ban or suspension of an activity.

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

A federal agency that develops and maintains standards for technology, measurement, and manufacturing, supporting American innovation and industrial competitiveness.

Appropriations

Funds set aside by a legislature for a specific purpose, usually an agency's budget or a government program.

Fiscal Year

A 12-month period that a government or company uses for accounting purposes, which may not align with the calendar year. The federal fiscal year runs from October 1 to September 30.

Enacted into law

When a bill has been approved by both chambers of Congress and signed by the President (or becomes law without his signature), making it an official law.