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Internet of Things (IoT)

Refers to everyday objects that are connected to the internet, allowing them to send and receive data.

Electric Grid

The vast network of power plants, transmission lines, and substations that generate and deliver electricity to homes and businesses.

Foreign Adversary

A country or entity identified by the U.S. government as posing a threat to national security or foreign policy.

High-Wattage IoT Device

An internet-connected appliance or gadget that uses or controls a large amount of electricity (more than 500 watts), like a smart oven or electric car charger.

Critical Infrastructure

Systems and assets, both physical and cyber, that are so vital to the U.S. that their incapacitation or destruction would have a debilitating effect on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination thereof (e.g., power grids, water supply, transportation networks).

Manipulation of Demand via IoT (MaDIoT) attacks

A type of cyberattack where smart, internet-connected devices are remotely controlled to rapidly increase or decrease their electricity usage, potentially overwhelming or destabilizing the electric grid.