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Country of Concern

A country whose government is identified as a foreign adversary, specifically including China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela.

Direct Investment

An investment where an investor gains a significant, lasting interest in a foreign business, often implying a degree of management influence or control.

Portfolio Investment

An investment in financial assets like stocks or bonds, typically made without the intent of directly managing or controlling the company or asset.

Covered Entity

A company or organization that has strong ties to a country of concern, such as having its headquarters there, being controlled by its government, or having significant ownership by sanctioned entities.

Offshore Financial Center

A country, territory, or jurisdiction outside the U.S. that acts as an intermediary for large amounts of U.S. investments flowing into countries of concern.

Sanctions List

Various official lists maintained by the U.S. government that identify individuals, organizations, or countries subject to specific economic restrictions or prohibitions.

United States Person