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Conspiracy

An agreement between two or more people to commit an illegal act, where at least one step is taken to carry out the agreement.

Controlled Substance

A drug or chemical whose manufacture, possession, or use is regulated by the government. They are categorized into 'schedules' based on their potential for abuse and medical use.

Schedule I or II controlled substance

These are categories of drugs with a high potential for abuse. Schedule I drugs have no accepted medical use (e.g., heroin, LSD), while Schedule II drugs have a high potential for abuse but also accepted medical use (e.g., cocaine, fentanyl, oxycodone).

General Intent

A legal concept meaning that for a crime to occur, a person simply needs to intend to commit the act itself, without necessarily intending the specific outcome or knowing all details (e.g., intending to strike someone, not necessarily knowing they're a federal officer).

Specific Intent

A legal concept meaning that for a crime to occur, a person must have intended to achieve a specific result or outcome beyond just committing the act (e.g., intending to kill someone, not just to strike them).

Federal Sentencing Guidelines

Rules issued by the U.S. Sentencing Commission that provide judges with a framework for determining appropriate sentences in federal criminal cases, aiming for consistency and fairness.