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STEM field

Refers to areas of study in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, specifically defined in the bill by certain categories within the Department of Education's Classification of Instructional Programs.

Lawful permanent resident status

Often called a 'Green Card,' this status grants a foreign national the right to live and work permanently in the United States.

Nonimmigrant status (F-1 visa)

A temporary visa category for foreign nationals who come to the U.S. for a specific purpose, such as an F-1 visa for academic students, with the expectation that they will return to their home country after their stay.

Dual intent

An immigration concept where a foreign national may legitimately hold a nonimmigrant visa (like a student visa) while also having an underlying intention to seek permanent residency in the United States.

Labor certification

A document issued by the Department of Labor that states there are not enough U.S. workers who are able, willing, qualified, and available to perform a specific job, and that employing a foreign worker will not negatively affect the wages and working conditions of U.S. workers.

Immigration and Nationality Act (INA)

The main body of law governing immigration and nationality in the United States, originally enacted in 1952 and frequently amended.