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Export Controls

Government regulations that restrict the sale or transfer of certain goods, technologies, or information to foreign countries or individuals, often for national security or foreign policy reasons.

Export Administration Review Board (Board)

A high-level interagency committee responsible for making decisions on export control policy and licensing, particularly for sensitive items.

Export Administration Regulations (EAR)

The specific rules and regulations that implement U.S. export controls, managed by the Department of Commerce.

Military End-User List

A list maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce identifying foreign entities (companies, research institutions, etc.) that are determined to be military end-users, subjecting them to stricter export restrictions.

Military-Civil Fusion Strategy (China)

A national strategy of the People's Republic of China aimed at integrating its commercial, civilian, and academic sectors with its defense and military industry, with the goal of strengthening its military capabilities.

Operating Committee for Export Policy

An interagency group that provides recommendations and coordination on export control policy issues at a working level.