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501(c)(3) organization

A type of non-profit organization, such as a charity, church, or school, that is exempt from federal income tax and can receive tax-deductible donations.

Internal Revenue Code of 1986

The main body of federal tax law in the United States, which outlines rules for taxes, deductions, and tax-exempt organizations.

Fiscal sponsorship

An arrangement where an established tax-exempt organization (like a 501(c)(3)) manages funds for a project or group that isn't itself tax-exempt, allowing donors to make tax-deductible contributions.

Section 170 deduction

A provision in tax law that allows individuals and corporations to deduct contributions made to qualified charitable organizations from their taxable income.

Criminal liability

Legal responsibility for a crime, which can result in penalties like fines, imprisonment, or probation.

Civil liability

Legal responsibility for harm caused to another person or entity, typically resolved through lawsuits where compensation (damages) may be awarded.

Covered activity

Specific actions outlined in the bill, such as aiding terrorism, interfering with constitutional rights, or blocking commerce, that would trigger liability for a fiscal sponsor.