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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

A government agency that works to save lives, prevent injuries, and reduce economic costs due to road traffic crashes through safety standards and education.

Automated Driving System (ADS)

Hardware and software in a vehicle that can perform all the driving tasks by itself on a continuous basis, without human input, and is classified as Level 3, 4, or 5 automation.

Dynamic Driving Task

All the real-time actions a driver or an automated system needs to do to operate a vehicle safely on the road, such as steering, accelerating, braking, monitoring the environment, and planning maneuvers.

New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)

A government program that tests and rates new vehicles on their safety performance to help consumers make purchasing decisions and encourage car makers to build safer cars.

Rulemaking

The process by which government agencies create and issue new regulations, which have the force of law, often after public input.

SAE International J3016

An industry standard that defines and classifies different levels of driving automation (from no automation to full automation) for vehicles, widely used globally.