The most directly affected would be the people who use Newark Penn Station for travel, including commuters, residents of Newark and the surrounding New Jersey area, and visitors. They would see the station referred to by its new name in official documents, on signage, and in announcements. While the physical operation of the station remains unchanged, the new name serves as a permanent public recognition of Congressman Payne Jr.'s legacy.

Additionally, the bill affects the memory and legacy of Congressman Donald M. Payne, Jr., by permanently attaching his name to a significant public landmark. It also affects officials involved in managing transportation infrastructure and public records, as they would need to update references to the station's name in various documents and systems.