The most directly affected would be airports located in U.S. territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, provided they met the specific 1978 eligibility criteria mentioned in the bill. These airports could receive a higher federal contribution for their infrastructure projects.

Also affected would be airports in smaller or rural communities across the U.S. mainland that participate in the Essential Air Service program and where airlines receive federal compensation for their flights. For these airports, the bill could reduce the financial burden on local governments for necessary airport upgrades, potentially leading to improved facilities for travelers in these areas.