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Treaty (1944 Water Treaty)

An agreement signed in 1944 between the United States and Mexico that governs how the two countries share water from the Colorado, Tijuana, and Rio Grande rivers.

Acre-feet

A common unit of volume for large amounts of water, equal to the amount of water covering one acre to a depth of one foot. Roughly enough water to supply two average households for one year.

Non-Treaty request

A specific type of request from Mexico for special water delivery channels, often for emergency situations, that falls outside the regular obligations of the 1944 Water Treaty and is typically managed by a joint U.S.-Mexico commission.

International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC)

A binational organization (with U.S. and Mexican sections) responsible for applying the boundary and water treaties between the two countries, including managing shared rivers and resolving disputes.

Fentanyl precursors

Chemical substances used as ingredients or building blocks in the illicit manufacturing of fentanyl, a powerful synthetic opioid.