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Biotechnology

Technology that uses living systems, organisms, or parts of organisms to develop or make products for a specific use, like in medicine, agriculture, or defense.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Computer systems designed to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. (As defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020).

Critical and Emerging Technologies

Advanced technologies identified as vital for national security, economic competitiveness, or societal well-being, often requiring government investment and strategic focus.

Department of Defense (DoD)

The executive branch department of the U.S. government responsible for coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the U.S. Armed Forces.

Covered Armed Force

Refers specifically to the branches of the U.S. military: the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, or Space Force.

Enactment Date

The date on which a bill officially becomes law after being passed by Congress and signed by the President, or otherwise becomes law as specified in the Constitution.