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Semiconductor manufacturing capabilities

A country's ability to design, produce, and package the tiny electronic circuits (chips) that power computers, phones, and other devices.

Advanced and mature-node semiconductors

Advanced semiconductors are the newest, most powerful, and smallest chips, while mature-node semiconductors are older, larger, and less powerful but still widely used for many applications.

Industrial policies

Government actions and strategies, such as subsidies, tax breaks, and regulations, aimed at promoting and developing specific industries within a country.

Export controls

Government regulations that restrict or prohibit the sale or transfer of certain goods, software, or technology to foreign countries, often for national security or foreign policy reasons.

Classified annex

A separate, secret section of a report that contains sensitive information not suitable for public release, often intelligence data.

Federal Register

The official daily publication of the U.S. government that lists proposed and final regulations, public notices, and executive orders.