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Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

A U.S. government agency responsible for protecting investors, maintaining fair and orderly functioning of securities markets, and facilitating capital formation. It oversees public companies and investment professionals.

Shareholder proposal

A recommendation or resolution submitted by a company shareholder to be voted on by all shareholders at an annual meeting, typically concerning aspects of the company's business or governance.

Proxy statement

A document that public companies must send to shareholders before a shareholder meeting, providing important information about issues to be voted on, board member elections, and executive compensation, among other things.

Material

In this bill, it refers to a financial risk or return that is significant enough that a reasonable investor would consider it very important when making investment decisions. The bill specifically excludes non-financial goals (like environmental or social issues) from this definition.

Accelerated filer

A public company that has met certain criteria related to the total value of its stock held by non-affiliates (public float) and has been subject to SEC reporting requirements for at least 12 months. These companies have shorter deadlines for filing their financial reports.

Large accelerated filer