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Medicare

A federal health insurance program for people 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant).

Social Security Act

A law passed in 1935 that created a system of social insurance, including provisions for old-age insurance, unemployment insurance, and aid to families with dependent children. Medicare is part of this Act.

Exclusion

A specific service or item that an insurance plan, like Medicare, will not cover or pay for.

Comptroller General

The head of the Government Accountability Office (GAO), an independent agency that provides audit, evaluation, and investigative services to Congress.

GAO Study

An independent review or examination conducted by the Government Accountability Office to assess government programs, policies, or spending, typically resulting in a report to Congress.