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Federal Recognition

Official acknowledgment by the U.S. government that a group is a sovereign Indian tribe, granting them rights, privileges, and access to federal programs and services.

Land into Trust

A process where the U.S. government holds title to land for the benefit of an Indian tribe, effectively making it tribal land and often exempting it from state and local taxes and regulations.

Tribal Roll

An official list of individuals recognized by a tribe as its members, used for purposes such as determining eligibility for tribal and federal services.

Secretary of the Interior

The head of the U.S. Department of the Interior, responsible for managing federal lands, natural resources, and programs relating to Native Americans.

Jurisdiction

The official power to make legal decisions and judgments, often referring to whether a state, federal, or tribal government has authority over a particular area or matter.

Indian Reservation

A legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribe under the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, rather than the state governments.