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Malign Foreign Talent Recruitment Restriction

Rules that prevent specific foreign governments from trying to recruit American scientists and researchers through programs that might involve deception, undisclosed conflicts of interest, or attempts to steal intellectual property or sensitive research.

Covered Foreign Country of Concern

A list of specific foreign countries, such as China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea, or others identified by the U.S. government, that are considered potential threats to U.S. national security or economic interests.

Special Administrative Region

A territory or area within a country that has a high degree of autonomy and its own government structure, but is still considered part of the larger country (e.g., Hong Kong within China).

Research Integrity

The ethical and responsible conduct of research, including transparency in funding, collaborations, and reporting of results, to ensure trustworthiness and prevent fraud or undue influence.

CHIPS and Science Act

A federal law passed in 2022 aimed at boosting American semiconductor manufacturing, scientific research, and technological innovation to enhance U.S. competitiveness, which also includes provisions on research security.