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Lapse in appropriations

This happens when Congress fails to pass legislation that provides funding for government operations, often leading to a government shutdown.

Furlough

A temporary leave from work without pay, often used for federal employees during a government shutdown when their work is not deemed essential.

Excepted employee

A federal employee who is required to continue working during a government shutdown because their job is deemed essential for safety, security, or other critical reasons, even though they may not be getting paid immediately.

Unemployment compensation

Financial payments made by the government to people who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own, as a temporary income replacement while they look for new work.

Waiting period

A specific amount of time, usually a week, that a person must wait after becoming unemployed before they can start receiving unemployment benefits.

Title 5, United States Code, Chapter 85

The section of federal law that deals with unemployment compensation for federal employees.