The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would be directly affected, as it would lose a significant scientific resource for assessing the risks of chemicals. This would impact the agency's ability to develop new regulations, enforce existing ones, and issue permits based on its current scientific understanding of chemical hazards.

Industries and businesses would also be affected, as new environmental regulations, enforcement actions, or permit conditions might be different or less frequent if they can no longer be based on IRIS assessments. The public, particularly communities concerned about chemical exposure, could see changes in how the federal government protects them from harmful substances, potentially influencing health and environmental safety standards.