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U.S. Academic Research Fleet

A group of U.S.-flagged vessels, primarily oceanographic research ships, operated by universities and laboratories that are part of a national system called the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS).

Cybersecurity

The protection of computer systems and networks from digital attacks, damage, or unauthorized access, aiming to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.

Telecommunications

The transmission of information over long distances using technology, such as internet, phone calls, or video conferencing.

Director

In the context of this bill, this refers to the Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all non-medical fields of science and engineering.

Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)

A U.S. federal agency within the Department of Homeland Security responsible for protecting the nation's critical infrastructure from physical and cyber threats.

National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST)

A U.S. federal agency that develops technology, metrics, and standards to improve cybersecurity, physical security, and privacy for government and industry.